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		<item>
		<title>SMTP server commands</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2011/03/17/smtp-server-commands/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2011/03/17/smtp-server-commands/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Mar 2011 17:25:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Need to send mail from the command line or confirm that an SMTP server works. Just telnet to your favorite SMTP server on port 25 and enter these commands: SMTP Command What It Does Supported HELO (Hello) Identify the SMTP sender to the SMTP receiver. Yes MAIL (Mail) Start an e-mail transaction to deliver the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=75&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Need to send mail from the command line or confirm that an SMTP server works. Just telnet to your favorite SMTP server on port 25 and enter these commands:<br />
<TABLE border="1"><br />
  <TBODY><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TH align="left" vAlign="bottom">SMTP Command</TH><br />
    <TH align="left" vAlign="bottom">What It Does</TH><br />
    <TH align="left" vAlign="bottom">Supported</TH></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">HELO (Hello)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Identify the SMTP sender to the SMTP<br />
receiver.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">MAIL (Mail)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Start an e-mail transaction to deliver the<br />
      e-mail to one or more recipients.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">RCPT (Recipient)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Identify an individual recipient of e-mail.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">DATA (Data)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Consider the lines following the command to be<br />
      e-mail from the sender.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">SEND (Send)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Deliver e-mail to one or more work stations.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top"><BR></TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">SOML (Send or mail)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Deliver e-mail to one or more work stations or<br />
      recipients if the user is not active.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top"><BR></TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">SAML (Send and mail)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Deliver e-mail to one or more work stations and<br />
      recipients if the user is not active.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top"><BR></TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">RSET (Reset)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">End the current e-mail transaction.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">VRFY (Verify)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Ask the receiver to confirm that a user has been<br />
      identified.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">EXPN (Expand)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Ask the receiver to confirm that a mailing list<br />
      has been identified.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top"><BR></TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">HELP (Help)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Ask the receiver to send helpful information to<br />
      the sender.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">NOOP (Noop)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Ask the receiver to send a valid reply (but<br />
      specify no other action).</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">QUIT (Quit)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Ask the receiver to send a valid reply, and then<br />
      close the transmission channel.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Yes</TD></TR><br />
  <TR><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">TURN (Turn)</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top">Ask the receiver to send a valid reply and then<br />
      become the SMTP sender, or else ask the receiver to send a refusal reply<br />
      and remain the SMTP receiver.</TD><br />
    <TD align="left" vAlign="top"><BR></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></p>
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		<item>
		<title>POP3 Server Commands</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2011/03/17/pop3-server-commands/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2011/03/17/pop3-server-commands/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Mar 2011 17:21:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Stuck with just a shell access and need to check your mail ? Just telnet your favorite POP3 server and use these commands Command Responses Examples USER name +OK name is welcome here -ERR never heard of name USER David +OK Please enter a password PASS string +OK maildrop locked and ready -ERR invalid password [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=70&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Stuck with just a shell access and need to check your mail ?</p>
<p>Just telnet your favorite POP3 server and use these commands</p>
<table border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Command</th>
<th>Responses</th>
<th>Examples</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>USER name</td>
<td>+OK name is welcome here<br />
-ERR never heard of name</td>
<td>USER David<br />
+OK Please enter a password</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PASS string</td>
<td>+OK maildrop locked and ready<br />
-ERR invalid password<br />
-ERR<br />
unable to lock maildrop</td>
<td>PASS test<br />
+OK valid logon</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>QUIT</td>
<td>+OK</td>
<td>+OK Server closing connection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STAT</td>
<td>+OK nn mm</td>
<td>STAT<br />
+OK 2 320</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LIST [msg]</td>
<td>+OK scan listing follows<br />
-ERR no such message</td>
<td>LIST<br />
+OK 2 messages (320 octets)<br />
1 120<br />
2 200<br />
&#8230;&nbsp;</p>
<p>LIST 2<br />
+OK 2 200</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RETR msg</td>
<td>+OK message follows<br />
-ERR no such message</td>
<td>RETR 1<br />
+OK 120 octets<br />
&lt; the POP3 server sends the entire<br />
message here &gt;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DELE msg</td>
<td>+OK message deleted<br />
-ERR no such message</td>
<td>DELE 2<br />
+OK message deleted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NOOP</td>
<td>+OK no transaction</td>
<td>NOOP<br />
+OK</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>LAST</td>
<td>+OK nn</td>
<td>LAST<br />
+OK 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RSET</td>
<td>+OK</td>
<td>RSET<br />
+OK maildrop has 2 messages (320 octets)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">Additional Commands</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TOP msg nn</td>
<td>+OK top of msg<br />
-ERR</td>
<td>TOP 1 10<br />
+OK<br />
&lt; first 10 lines of the header &gt;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RPOP user</td>
<td>+OK<br />
-ERR</td>
<td>RPOP david<br />
+OK enter password</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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		<title>How to fix-The Remote Computer Disconnected the session because of an error in the Licensing protocol in Windows Vista/ Win7</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/07/30/how-to-fix-the-remote-computer-disconnected-the-session-because-of-an-error-in-the-licensing-protocol-in-windows-vista-win7/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/07/30/how-to-fix-the-remote-computer-disconnected-the-session-because-of-an-error-in-the-licensing-protocol-in-windows-vista-win7/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Jul 2010 02:03:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/?p=64</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The procedure to fix this issue is almost similar to the one described for fixing it on Windows XP, except for one extra step. Here’s the step-by-step process : 1&#62; Click on Start Menu –&#62; Go to Run Command box –&#62; Type regedit –&#62; This opens the registry Editor. 2&#62; Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\MSLicensing 3&#62; Delete [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=64&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The procedure to fix this issue is almost similar to the one described for fixing it on Windows XP, except for one extra step. Here’s the step-by-step process :</p>
<p>1&gt; Click on Start Menu –&gt; Go to Run Command box –&gt; Type regedit –&gt; This opens the registry Editor.</p>
<p>2&gt; Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\MSLicensing</p>
<p>3&gt; Delete all the keys under MSLicensing : both HardwareID and Store keys and their subkeys. If you are not sure how to delete the key and its subkeys, just rename them as follows : HardwareID to HardwareID-temp and Store to Store-temp.</p>
<p>4&gt; Reboot the system.</p>
<p>5&gt; After rebooting (ensure you are logged in as administrator), click on ‘Start‘ menu–&gt; ‘Programs / All programs‘ –&gt; Accessories</p>
<p>6&gt; Right Click on Remote Desktop Connection and select the option “Run as Administrator“.  This will recreate new Keys Hardware ID and Store under MSLicensing.</p>
<p>7&gt; If you had renamed the keys and subkeys instead of deleting them, navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\MSLicensing and you’ll notice the two newly folders created – HardwareID and Store. Delete the old HardwareID-temp and Store-temp and close the registry editor.</p>
<p>This solves the problem and you will be able to connect to remote servers using Remote Desktop Connection.</p>
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		<title>Visual Poxpro: Create a SPT and make it updatable</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/create-a-spt-and-make-it-updatable/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/create-a-spt-and-make-it-updatable/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:59:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[local llRemote, lcSQL, lcTable, ldDate ldDate = date()-lnDays llRemote = cursorgetprop(&#8220;SourceType&#8221;,&#8221;V_LoginHistoryOneUser&#8221;)=2 IF llRemote lcTable = x3vtable(&#8220;V_LoginHistoryOneUser.ULH_PK&#8221;) lcSQL = &#8220;SELECT ULH_PK &#8221; + ; &#8220;FROM &#8221; + lcTable + space(1) + ; &#8220;WHERE ULH_Out &#60; ?ldDate OR ULH_In 0 IF reccount(&#8220;AutoPurge&#8221;) &#62; 0 select AutoPurge * * turn the AutoPurge SPT cursor into an * updateable [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=60&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>local llRemote, lcSQL, lcTable, ldDate<br />
ldDate = date()-lnDays<br />
llRemote = cursorgetprop(&#8220;SourceType&#8221;,&#8221;V_LoginHistoryOneUser&#8221;)=2<br />
IF llRemote<br />
lcTable = x3vtable(&#8220;V_LoginHistoryOneUser.ULH_PK&#8221;)<br />
lcSQL = &#8220;SELECT ULH_PK &#8221; + ;<br />
&#8220;FROM &#8221; + lcTable + space(1) + ;<br />
&#8220;WHERE ULH_Out &lt; ?ldDate OR ULH_In  0<br />
IF reccount(&#8220;AutoPurge&#8221;) &gt; 0<br />
select AutoPurge<br />
*<br />
*  turn the AutoPurge SPT cursor into an<br />
*  updateable view<br />
*<br />
cursorsetprop(&#8220;Buffering&#8221;,5)<br />
cursorsetprop(&#8220;SendUpdates&#8221;,.t.)<br />
cursorsetprop(&#8220;Keyfieldlist&#8221;,&#8221;ULH_PK&#8221;)<br />
cursorsetprop(&#8220;Tables&#8221;,lcTable)<br />
cursorsetprop(&#8220;UpdateNameList&#8221;,&#8221;ULH_PK &#8221; + lcTable+&#8221;.ULH_PK&#8221;)<br />
cursorsetprop(&#8220;UpdatableFieldList&#8221;,&#8221;ULH_PK&#8221;)<br />
*<br />
*  delete &#8216;em all<br />
*<br />
delete all<br />
*<br />
*  we don&#8217;t care about the RETURN value from<br />
*  tableupdate() because if they don&#8217;t get<br />
*  deleted this time, no big deal<br />
*<br />
tableupdate(.t.,.t.,&#8221;AutoPurge&#8221;)<br />
use in AutoPurge<br />
ENDIF<br />
ENDIF</p>
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		<title>How can I extract the content of an MSI file?</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/how-can-i-extract-the-content-of-an-msi-file/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/how-can-i-extract-the-content-of-an-msi-file/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:55:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/how-can-i-extract-the-content-of-an-msi-file/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A. Numerous utilities are available for extracting the content of an MSI file. For example, you can use Msidb. However, another way is to perform an administrative installation, using the /a switch and specifying a target folder for the extraction. For example: msiexec /a mm26_enu.msi /qb TARGETDIR=d:\temp\mmextract<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=59&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A. Numerous utilities are available for extracting the content of an<br />
MSI file. For example, you can use Msidb.</p>
<p> However,<br />
another way is to perform an administrative installation, using the /a<br />
switch and specifying a target folder for the extraction. For example:</p>
<p>msiexec /a mm26_enu.msi /qb TARGETDIR=d:\temp\mmextract </p>
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		<title>Disable the PC Speaker beeps in 200x/XP/Vista</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/disable-the-pc-speaker-beeps-in-200xxpvista/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/disable-the-pc-speaker-beeps-in-200xxpvista/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:54:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/disable-the-pc-speaker-beeps-in-200xxpvista/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[These commands assume administrative rights on the PC. To temporarily disable the PC Speaker beep: net stop beep To disable the PC Speaker beep for good (until you undo this setting): sc config beep start= disabled So, if you are bothered right now by PC Speaker beeps and want them to go away even after [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=58&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>These commands assume administrative rights on the PC.</p>
<p>To temporarily disable the PC Speaker beep:<br />
net stop beep</p>
<p>To disable the PC Speaker beep for good (until you undo this setting):<br />
sc config beep start= disabled</p>
<p>So, if you are bothered right now by PC Speaker beeps and want them to go away even after a reboot, run net stop beep and then run sc config beep start= disabled.</p>
<p>The space between start= and disabled is required. </p>
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		<title>How can I use Diskpart to partition a disk ?</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/how-can-i-use-diskpart-to-partition-a-disk/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/how-can-i-use-diskpart-to-partition-a-disk/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:52:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/how-can-i-use-diskpart-to-partition-a-disk/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A. As part of a deployment using Microsoft Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE), you might need to partition the disk. The easiest way to do this is to place into a file the following commands: select disk 0 clean create partition primary select partition 1 assign letter=c: active format exit Then execute the commands using the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=56&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A. As part of a deployment using Microsoft Windows Preinstallation<br />
Environment (WinPE), you might need to partition the disk. The easiest<br />
way to do this is to place into a file the following commands:<br />
select disk 0<br />
clean<br />
create partition primary<br />
select partition 1<br />
assign letter=c:<br />
active<br />
format<br />
exit</p>
<p>Then execute the commands using the Diskpart command with the the /s<br />
parameter, as the following example shows:<br />
diskpart /s partscript.txt<br />
The command creates one partition with all the space; alternatively,<br />
you can replace the &#8220;create partition primary&#8221; with &#8220;create partition<br />
primary size=&#8221; (e.g. &#8220;create partition primary size=10000&#8243;)<br />
to create a 10GB C: drive.</p>
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		<title>System restore file types</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/system-restore-file-types/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/system-restore-file-types/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:40:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/system-restore-file-types/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tip: Locate this XML file and choose the right backup feature Windows XP’s System Restore feature is an excellent first step for replacing system files Registry entries that were corrupted by a virus or bad driver. It won’t back up and replace user files, such as Favorites, or data files with extensions like .jpg or [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=54&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Tip: Locate this XML file and choose the right backup feature</strong><br />
Windows XP’s System Restore feature is an excellent first step for replacing system files Registry entries that were corrupted by a virus or bad driver. It won’t back up and replace user files, such as Favorites, or data files with extensions like .jpg or .doc. Before you use System Restore to replace the existing registry with an old one, for example, you might want to determine exactly which file types System Restore will replace and which it will ignore.<br />
Fortunately, Windows XP stores a file named FileList.xml in which it lists all the extensions System Restore recovers. You can view the list from any Windows XP computer as long as you log in to the PC as a user with access to the system files.</p>
<p>To view the System Restore extension list:<br />
1. Open Windows Explorer and select Tools | Folder Options and select the View tab.<br />
2. Deselect the Hide Protected Operating System Files (Recommend) check box (if selected) and click OK.<br />
3. In the resulting Warning dialog box, click OK, and then click OK to close the Folder Options dialog box.<br />
4. Navigate to %systemroot%\system32\restore (%systemroot% is often C:\Windows) and double-click the file FileList.xml.</p>
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		<title>Get rid of MSN Messenger</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/get-rid-of-msn-messenger/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/get-rid-of-msn-messenger/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:38:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/get-rid-of-msn-messenger/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[RunDll32 advpack.dll,LaunchINFSection %windir%\INF\msmsgs.inf,BLC.Remove<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=53&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>RunDll32 advpack.dll,LaunchINFSection %windir%\INF\msmsgs.inf,BLC.Remove</p>
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		<title>Missing gigabytes on hard drive</title>
		<link>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/missing-gigabytes-on-hard-drive/</link>
		<comments>http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/missing-gigabytes-on-hard-drive/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:32:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nowiremember</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://nowiremember.wordpress.com/2010/01/06/missing-gigabytes-on-hard-drive/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The mystery of the missing gigabytes will continue to baffle computer users until hard drive makers get in sync with the rest of the computer world. You&#8217;re not missing any gigabytes—it&#8217;s just a mix-up in units of measurement. Disk capacity is measured using decimal kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. In decimal units, 1KB = 1,000 bytes, [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=nowiremember.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3306874&amp;post=51&amp;subd=nowiremember&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The mystery of the missing gigabytes will continue to baffle computer users until hard drive makers get in sync with the rest of the computer world. You&#8217;re not missing any gigabytes—it&#8217;s just a mix-up in units of measurement.</p>
<p>Disk capacity is measured using decimal kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. In decimal units, 1KB = 1,000 bytes, 1MB = 1,000,000 bytes, and 1GB = 1,000,000,000 bytes. But for file sizes, memory, and just about everything else, we use binary kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. In binary units 1KB = 1,024 bytes, 1MB = 1,048,576 bytes, and 1GB = 1,073,741,824 bytes. Looking at it another way, the decimal values are 103, 106, and 109 bytes, whereas the binary values are 210, 220, and 230 bytes.</p>
<p>To convert your disk&#8217;s 160 decimal GB to the units used by the rest of Windows, you have to divide by 1.073741824. The result is about 149GB—close enough to what you calculated. Sorry, there&#8217;s no missing 10GB for you to recover!</p>
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